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The Ophthalmologist

May 5, 2026

Inside the Aging Eye

May 5, 2026
2 min

Aging in Ophthalmology, a comprehensive text edited by Jorge L. Alió, Andrzej Grzybowski, and Anat Loewenstein, addresses the significant impact of aging on eye

...more

'Aging in Ophthalmology' addresses aging's impact on eye health.
The book covers 21 chapters focusing on systemic aging and ocular diseases.
Key conditions discussed include glaucoma and macular degeneration.
Offers prevention strategies and dietary supplementation information.
Features contributions from 60 international experts.
Launched at the Spanish Society of Ophthalmology Congress.
Available globally in print and digital formats.

The Ophthalmologist

May 5, 2026

Inside the Aging Eye

May 5, 2026
2 min

Objective: To explore the impact of aging on ocular health and disease through a comprehensive textbook. Key Findings: Aging is a major risk factor for various

...more

Retinal Physician

May 1, 2026

Clinical Trial Update May/June 2026

May 1, 2026
40 min

A comprehensive overview of active clinical trials focused on age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal vein occlusion (RVO)

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Multiple clinical trials focus on AMD, DME, RVO, and uveitis.
New treatments include ABF-101, BS01, and gene therapies.
Probiotic supplements are being studied for DME.
SGLT2 inhibitors show promise in geographic atrophy.
Trials assess safety, tolerability, and efficacy of novel treatments.
Diverse patient populations are participating.
The role of clinical research in advancing ophthalmic care is emphasized.

Glaucoma Physician

May 1, 2026

Women in Glaucoma

May 1, 2026
26 min

Objective: Emphasize the significance of women's roles in shaping glaucoma care. Key Findings: Link findings more explicitly to discussions in the source materi

...more

Women glaucoma specialists emphasize continuous learning and adaptation to new techniques and technologies in their field.
Mentorship plays a crucial role in the development of new surgical skills and approaches among glaucoma specialists.
Postoperative management is essential, as unexpected events may arise that require adjustments to treatment plans.
Effective communication with patients is vital for adherence to treatment, utilizing visual aids and tailored information.
Patient inquiries about treatment history and outcomes highlight the importance of transparency and support in glaucoma care.

Glaucoma Physician

May 1, 2026

Women in Glaucoma: Panelists

May 1, 2026
1 min

Objective: To highlight the contributions and roles of female ophthalmologists specializing in glaucoma. Key Findings: Marlene R. Moster, MD, is a professor of

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Marlene R. Moster, MD, is a professor of ophthalmology at Sidney Kimmel Medical College and practices in Miami.
Aakriti G. Shukla, MD, MSc, is a glaucoma specialist at Columbia University and directs the glaucoma fellowship program.
Rebecca F. Neustein, MD, is an assistant professor at Emory University and serves as the associate residency program director.
Wendy Liu, MD, PhD, is a glaucoma clinician-scientist at Stanford University and directs a translational research lab.
Ariana Levin, MD, is a glaucoma specialist at NYU and serves as the glaucoma fellowship program director.

Glaucoma Physician

May 1, 2026

Women in Glaucoma: Letter From the Editor

Jim Gallagher, senior managing editor
May 1, 2026
3 min

Objective: To share insights from a panel of women in glaucoma regarding surgical innovation, patient care, and mentorship. Key Findings: Advances in glaucoma c

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A panel of women in glaucoma shared experiences that shaped their approaches to surgical innovation and patient care.
The 2026 American Glaucoma Society meeting facilitated scientific exchange and discussions on the future of glaucoma care.
Panelists emphasized mentorship, peer learning, and continuous improvement based on postoperative outcomes.
Effective patient communication is crucial for adherence and shared decision-making in glaucoma treatment.
The discussion highlighted the importance of leadership, mentorship, and intentional career development in ophthalmology.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Comparison of Immediate High-Energy Nutrition versus Gradual Energy Increase in Early Acute Pancreatitis Management: Results from a Multicenter Double-Blind Randomized Trial

Katalin Márta
Marie Anne Engh
Áron Vincze
Bálint Erőss
Péter J Hegyi
Alexandra Mikó
Ferenc Izbéki
Mária Papp
Péter Mátrai
Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth
Nándor Faluhelyi
Andrea Szentesi
Péter Hegyi
May 1, 2026

Objective: To compare the effects of immediate high-energy nutritional support versus gradual energy increase in patients with acute pancreatitis, focusing on p

...more

Nutritional support is crucial in managing acute pancreatitis, improving outcomes and potentially reducing mortality.
The study compares immediate high-energy nutrition with gradual energy increase in early acute pancreatitis management.
Findings indicate that immediate high-energy nutrition does not improve outcomes and may worsen them.
Gradual implementation of energy delivery is preferred based on the study's results.
The trial was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study conducted in Hungary with strict inclusion criteria.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Fibroblast pentose phosphate pathway activation upon decreased circPLCE1 exacerbates intestinal fibrosis in Crohn’s disease

Longyuan Zhou
Jing Nie
Zhiyin Feng
Rongchang Li
Pingxin Zhang
Sinan Lin
Yao Zhang
Florian Rieder
Changhao Chen
Minhu Chen
Ren Mao
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the role of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and circPLCE1 in fibroblast metabolism and intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease, hig

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Activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in fibroblasts is a key feature of intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease.
Xylulokinase (XYLB) generates xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P), which promotes collagen synthesis in fibrotic fibroblasts.
CircPLCE1 downregulation in fibroblasts leads to increased PPP activation and collagen production during intestinal fibrogenesis.
CircPLCE1 interacts with XYLB, inhibiting its activity and regulating the PPP and fibrogenesis in intestinal fibrosis.
The circPLCE1/XYLB/Xu5P axis presents a novel therapeutic target for treating intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Cause of chronic diarrhoea

Tingting Cao
Honggang Wang
May 1, 2026

Objective: To diagnose the underlying cause of chronic diarrhea in a patient with significant weight loss and gastrointestinal symptoms, emphasizing the urgency

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A 52-year-old man presented with chronic diarrhea and significant weight loss, leading to a BMI of 14.9 kg/m².
Laboratory tests indicated anemia, low serum protein, and elevated IgM and β2-microglobulin levels.
Histological examination revealed marked villous blunting and dilated lymphatic vessels in the terminal ileum.
The diagnosis was Waldenström’s macroglobulinaemia with intestinal lymphangiectasia, confirmed by immunophenotyping and genetic testing.
Treatment with the RCD regimen resulted in improved symptoms and nutritional status, with significant regression of intestinal lesions.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer spectrum associated with germline CTNNA1 loss of function revealed by clinical and molecular data from 351 carrier families and over 37 000 non-carrier controls

Objective: To analyze the clinical and molecular characteristics of CTNNA1 germline variants and their association with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC)

...more

CTNNA1 germline variants are linked to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), with truncating variants posing a moderate risk compared to CDH1 variants.
The study identifies the pathophysiological mechanism for CTNNA1-truncating variants, establishing them as key contributors to HDGC.
Clinical criteria for CTNNA1 genetic testing were proposed, enhancing the identification of individuals at risk for HDGC.
CTNNA1-truncating variants lead to increased likelihood of developing gastric cancer compared to wild-type individuals.
This research provides the largest dataset on CTNNA1-associated diseases, aiding in clinical management and variant classification.

Gut

May 1, 2026

FOXM1 inhibition reduces IL-13-induced epithelial remodelling and inflammation in eosinophilic oesophagitis

Masaru Sasaki
Joshua X Wang
Ryugo Teranishi
Takefumi Itami
Yusen Zhou
Kanak V Kennedy
Ann Semeao
Satoshi Ishikawa
Takeo Hara
Emily A McMillan
Mark Mahon
Hailey Golden
Diya Dhakal
Alyssa Baccarella
Heidi Winters
Chizoba N Umeweni
Benjamin J Wilkins
Tatiana A Karakasheva
Kelly A Whelan
Sydney M Shaffer
Melanie A Ruffner
Amanda B Muir
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the role of FOXM1 in epithelial disruption in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and assess its potential as a therapeutic target, which m

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Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized by epithelial remodeling and barrier dysfunction due to T-helper type 2 inflammation.
FOXM1 is identified as a key transcriptional regulator that drives epithelial disruption in EoE.
Inhibition of FOXM1 restores epithelial differentiation, reduces proliferation, and improves barrier integrity in EoE.
Targeting FOXM1 presents a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance epithelial homeostasis and mitigate inflammation in EoE.
This dual approach addressing both epithelial and immune dysregulation may improve patient outcomes in EoE.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Genomic Structural Variations in Bacteria Linked to Autism in Children as Potential Diagnostic Indicators

Weixin Liu
Yinghong Lu
Siew C Ng
Francis KL Chan
Joseph JY Sung
Jun Yu
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the association of specific bacterial genomic structural variations (SVs) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their potential as d

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The study identified 100 bacterial genomic structural variations (SVs) significantly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Distinct bacterial SV signatures linked to ASD were associated with metabolic dysregulation and gut dysbiosis commonly observed in affected children.
Critical SVs in Bacteroides uniformis were shown to regulate thiamine and iron metabolism, correlating with ASD-related behaviors.
A diagnostic panel combining nine SVs and three bacterial species achieved an accuracy of 81.1% in distinguishing ASD from neurotypical children.
The findings suggest potential for microbial genomic SV-based biomarkers in diagnosing childhood ASD and understanding its pathogenesis.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Nuclear Pirin Functions as a Crucial Mediator of Inflammation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development

Huanhuan Ma
Tingyan Cao
Fengqiong Zhang
Dachao Sun
Lili Chen
Yao Lin
Shuqing Lai
Bin Jiang
Yanming Zhou
Jun You
Xiyao Liu
Yue Wang
Furong Lin
Yuxin Liu
Jinyang Wang
Weiling He
Qinxi Li
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the role of Pirin (PIR) in mediating inflammation and its implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, particularly foc

...more

Pirin (PIR) is significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and translocates to the nucleus during disease progression.
PIR facilitates ROS-associated long-term inflammation through NF-κB1 and STAT3 pathways, creating a positive feedback loop that accelerates HCC development.
Inhibition of PIR may reduce liver inflammation and ROS production, suggesting it as a potential target for antitumor therapy in HCC.
Patients with high PIR expression have poorer overall survival rates, indicating its clinical relevance in HCC progression.
PIR's role in mediating the crosstalk between ROS and inflammation highlights its importance in the pathogenesis of HCC.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Interaction of Hereditary Chronic Pancreatitis and Mutant Kras in the Early Stages of Pancreatic Cancer Development

Tanvi Vikrant Inamdar
Ferdinand Krannich
Nico Hesselbarth
Atul Verma
Teresa Vauti
Mariami Helena Jasaszwili
Ghanem El Kassem
Jasmine Hillmer
Tom Kaune
Michael Boettcher
Ivonne Regel
Heidi Griesmann
Irene Esposito
Markus Glaß
Monika Hämmerle
Patrick Michl
Helmut Laumen
Jonas Rosendahl
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the interplay between hereditary chronic pancreatitis (CP) and mutant Kras in the initiation of pancreatic cancer using a humanised mo

...more

Chronic pancreatitis significantly increases the risk of pancreatic cancer, with hereditary forms posing a 69-fold higher risk.
The study combined Cpa1N256K and KrasG12D mutations in a mouse model to explore the interaction between hereditary chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
Distinct populations of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia were identified, revealing an inflammatory ductal phenotype unique to chronic pancreatitis.
Intercellular signaling networks involving various cell types were mapped, highlighting synergistic interactions between inflammation and oncogenic processes.
The new mouse model offers a more physiologically relevant system for studying chronic pancreatitis as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Intestinal Microbiota Reduces Stress-Induced Cancer Metastasis via Oleic Acid Breakdown

Chen Liu
Junli Gong
Zhanhao Luo
Peng Lai
Shuang Guo
Dayi Liang
Guangyuan Chen
Mengze Xing
Jing Yu
Yanchun Xie
Danling Liu
Wanyi Zeng
Zhen He
Ping Lan
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the impact of chronic stress on gut microbiota and its role in promoting cancer metastasis. Key Findings: Chronic stress promotes canc

...more

Gut

May 1, 2026

Parasutterella excrementihominis Promotes Experimental Colitis and Colitis-Related Colorectal Cancer Through the Induction of Pathogenic NETosis

Huishi Tan
Linwen Huang
Jun Wang
Hongli Huang
Zelong Lin
Siqi Yang
Yanqiang Shi
Jierui Li
Haiyan Zhang
Yongjian Zhou
Chongyang Huang
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the role of Parasutterella excrementihominis in exacerbating experimental colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer through the

...more

Parasutterella excrementihominis is enriched in ulcerative colitis patients and linked to increased disease activity.
P. excrementihominis exacerbates experimental colitis and colorectal cancer by inducing pathogenic NETosis through specific metabolites.
The metabolites succinic acid and 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid activate NETosis via succinate receptor 1 and G protein-coupled receptor 84 signaling.
Dysregulated NETosis contributes to mucosal damage and inflammation in ulcerative colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer.
Targeting P. excrementihominis or its metabolites may provide new therapeutic strategies for managing ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Indole-3-propionic acid connects gastrointestinal impairment to diabetic retinopathy: a potential biomarker and innovative treatment strategy

Ram Prasad
Yvonne Adu-Rutledge
Borhane Ziani
Jason L Floyd
Edgar L Ready
Sarbodeep Paul
Fadeela Sheini
Rati Sharma
Robert F Rosencrans
Sergio Li Calzi
Micheli Severo Sielski
Nicholas G Medawar
Roshan Dutta
Emory Brennis Johnson
Xiaoping Qi
Mohit Bansal
Regina Lamendella
Justin R Wright
Suresh Kumar Verma
Michael E Boulton
Bruce R Stevens
Craig W Vander Kooi
Ramon C Sun
Gavin Y Oudit
Qiuhong Li
Maria B Grant
May 1, 2026

Objective: To investigate the role of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) and tryptophan (Trp) metabolism in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and explore potential therapeut

...more

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is linked to gut-retinal axis disruption and impaired tryptophan metabolism.
Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) levels are significantly lower in individuals with DR compared to those without retinopathy.
Supplementation with IPA in a T2D mouse model reduces hyperglycemia and intestinal inflammation, preventing DR development.
Activation of the ACE2-dependent pathway enhances tryptophan absorption, improving gut barrier function and incretin secretion.
The study suggests IPA as a potential biomarker for DR and highlights nutraceuticals as innovative therapeutic strategies.

Gut

May 1, 2026

Toxic microbiome and progression of chronic kidney disease: insights from a longitudinal CKD-microbiome study

Cheuk Chun Szeto
Jack K C Ng
May 1, 2026

Objective: To clarify the relationships among gut microbiome composition, diet, and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), highlighting the significan

...more

Dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria and increased production of uraemic toxins.
Alterations in the gut microbiome of CKD patients are linked to the accumulation of uraemic toxins, which contribute to CKD progression.
Faecal microbiota transplantation in CKD mice showed increased serum uraemic toxins and slight kidney fibrosis, indicating microbiome's role in kidney damage.
Rapid kidney function decline in CKD is associated with gut microbiome-derived metabolites, independent of traditional risk factors.
Dietary interventions, like plant-based, low-protein diets, may mitigate the effects of dysbiosis and uraemic toxin accumulation in CKD.

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