Objective: Assess pHUS incidence in Sweden after PCV15 replaced PCV10 in 2023, adding serotypes 3 and 19A to vaccine coverage. Approach: Surveillance: Researche
Pneumococcal haemolytic uraemic syndrome (pHUS) is an uncommon but serious complication of invasive pneumococcal disease in children.
Sweden recorded an approximately 10-fold rise in pHUS incidence after replacing PCV13 with PCV10 in 2019, alongside the emergence of serotypes 3 and 19A.
After Sweden introduced PCV15, which includes serotypes 3 and 19A, surveillance identified no pHUS cases in 2025, an incidence of 0 per 100,000 children.
Paediatric invasive pneumococcal disease also declined after PCV15 introduction, whereas adults experienced no similar reduction.
The ecological findings cannot establish causality, and continued national surveillance is needed to determine whether the absence of pHUS cases persists.
Objective: To compare visual feedback–based rehabilitation plus conventional physiotherapy with conventional physiotherapy alone for gait and clinical outcomes
In a randomized study of 90 patients after unilateral THA, visual feedback–based rehabilitation was added to conventional physiotherapy for 6 weeks.
At 6 weeks, gait speed increased by 0.31 m/s with visual feedback and 0.21 m/s with conventional therapy, a between-group difference of 0.09 m/s.
Gait symmetry and pelvic movement measures improved more with visual feedback than with conventional physiotherapy.
Pain, functional independence, and ambulation capacity improved similarly in both groups, without significant between-group differences.
The gait-speed difference was below the commonly reported 0.10- to 0.14-m/s minimal clinically important difference, and longer-term effects remain unknown.
Objective: The article examines the objective, findings, and clinical context described in FDA approves durvalumab for bladder cancer. Approach: Approval: The F
Digital pathology and clinical AI remain incompletely implemented, with many departments using AI mainly for slide quality control and limited commercial models.
AI can support preanalytic and postanalytic tasks, including slide checks, case assembly, report completion, coding, and structured data capture.
Case prioritization and image analysis can help direct attention and improve consistency, but every case still requires complete assessment by a pathologist.
AI’s most significant contribution so far has been quality control, while selected prostate cancer applications have received FDA authorization for prognostic use.
Laboratories should validate AI tools on local specimens and workflows, assess human-tool performance, and monitor tools and discrepancies after deployment.
Objective: Compare genetic associations and heritability estimates from quantitative audiometric measurements with those from diagnostic codes for sensorineural
In a BioVU genome-wide association study, audiometry identified 3 genome-wide significant loci, whereas diagnostic codes identified none.
The audiometry-based analysis included 16,057 participants, compared with 61,468 in the diagnostic code–based analysis.
Functional annotation mapped the 3 audiometry-associated loci to EML6, SPTBN1, ARHGEF28, and EYA4.
Estimated single-nucleotide variant–based heritability was 11.8% for audiometric thresholds and 2.9% for diagnostic codes.
In an independent cohort, each 1-SD increase in the audiometry-derived polygenic risk score was associated with 9% higher odds of self-reported hearing loss.
Objective: The video interview discusses Delara Motlagh’s career, leadership, manufacturing challenges, iPSCs, and the roles of CDMOs and technology providers i
Among 26,903 patients with penicillin allergy labels, a revised risk-stratified alert was associated with increased cephalosporin use across inpatient, operating room, and outpatient settings.
Mean weekly cephalosporin use increased 17.8% for inpatient administrations, 35.4% in operating rooms, and 16.7% for outpatient orders.
After implementation, weekly fluoroquinolone use decreased 12.5% and clindamycin use decreased 34.5%, while carbapenem and metronidazole use did not change significantly.
The revised alerts reduced weekly penicillin-cephalosporin cross-reactivity alerts by 86%, and prescribers canceled 67.2% of orders after receiving the new in-line alert.
Review of 28 epinephrine administrations within 1 hour of cephalosporin exposure found no anaphylaxis; long-term outcomes and delayed allergy effects were not evaluated.
Objective: To correct errors in the published article. Approach: Author name: Corrects the first author’s name from “Gsela H. Degen” to “Gisela H. Degen.” Table
Objective: To describe two patients with numerous, localized basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) without clinical features of an associated genetic syndrome, and discu
Agminated basal cell carcinoma (BCC) describes multiple histologically confirmed BCCs developing in a discrete, localized skin region.
A 67-year-old woman developed 22 BCCs over 24 years, including 19 on the frontal scalp, without identified syndromic features or reported local exposures.
A 78-year-old man developed 44 BCCs over 11 years; 20 clustered in the right perioral and buccal region despite prior full-face acne radiation.
Both patients lacked associated syndromic stigmata, and nonsyndromic agminated BCC was diagnosed by exclusion; cutaneous mosaicism remains hypothetical.
Treatment for both patients combined electrodesiccation and curettage, Mohs micrographic surgery, and standard surgical excision.
Objective: The article examines the objective, findings, and clinical context described in Looking Beyond Discrimination in Prehospital Scores to Improve Patien
The mSOFA score uses five first-contact variables and showed an AUROC of 0.944 for two-day mortality in a prospective validation of more than 12,000 patients.
In a prospective multicenter study of 16,106 patients, 85 died despite having an mSOFA score below the high-acuity threshold of 5.
Among false-negative patients, lactate and GCS had a strong positive association, consistent with but not establishing occult hypoperfusion.
The Occult Hypoperfusion Index is lactate × (16 − GCS), with a threshold of 3.38 proposed as a secondary screen for patients with mSOFA below 5.
The OHI detected 73 of 85 deaths missed by mSOFA, increasing sensitivity from 90.9% to 98.7%, but its 2.4% mortality positive predictive value warrants evaluation of operational value.
Objective: The article examines the objective, findings, and clinical context described in Workplace Violence Targeting Nurses: An Emergency Department Crisis.
In a survey of 337 nurses across 11 emergency departments, 87.8% reported workplace violence during the preceding month.
Among nurses reporting workplace violence, 98.6% cited patients or visitors, and 20.3% also reported incidents involving coworkers, most often bullying.
Adjusted analyses associated overtime with higher odds of workplace violence, while night-shift work and employment at a freestanding emergency department were associated with lower odds.
Because workplace violence was common, the authors caution that the overtime odds ratio may overstate the relative risk and reflect greater time exposed at work.
The authors call for multifaceted prevention strategies and further research on team- and system-level approaches and coworker-perpetrated violence.
The primary endpoint classified patients who died before discharge as weaning failures, even if invasive ventilation had been discontinued temporarily.
PRiVENT enrolled patients at elevated risk for prolonged weaning and aimed to provide early access to specialized expertise.
Among ICU survivors, an exploratory analysis found higher odds of successful weaning with the intervention, but exclusion of deaths created potential selection bias.
Adjusted competing-risk analysis found no statistically significant association between the intervention and successful weaning (sHR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.91-1.38; P = .30).
PRiVENT used a prospective, nonrandomized design to limit contamination across institutions, but this design retained limitations for causal inference.