MDSpire - MDSpire Home
Coming Soon: Introducing MDSpire News. Learn more
Conexiant’s news site is now MDSpire News. Learn more

Frontiers In Surgery

  • September 15, 2026
Exploratory Predictive Models for Expansive Intracranial Hematoma Development and Surgical Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Analysis
  • Larrey Kasereka Kamabu
  • Godfrey S. Bbosa
  • Ronald Oboth
  • Ssenyondwa John Baptist
  • Martin N. Kaddumukasa
  • Daniel Deng
  • Hervé Monka Lekuya
  • Louange Maha Kataka
  • Joel Kiryabwire
  • Moses Galukande
  • Martha Sajatovic
  • Mark Kaddumukasa
  • Anthony T. Fuller
  • Michael M. Haglund
  • September 15, 2026
  1. A prospective cohort study in Uganda found that 59.3% of patients with traumatic brain injury experienced expansive intracranial hematoma.
  2. Quality-of-life measures were significantly worse in patients with expansive intracranial hematoma at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.
  3. The Firth bias-reduced logistic regression model showed strong discrimination for predicting expansive intracranial hematoma with an AUC of 0.854.
  4. Exploratory predictive models included variables such as subdural hematoma, diffuse axonal injury, and blood pressure measurements.
  5. The study emphasizes the need for external multicenter validation of predictive models before clinical implementation in low-resource settings.
...more

Frontiers In Immunology

  • September 15, 2026
The Role of ASNS-Mediated Asparagine Availability in Supporting Intestinal ILC2 Function and Type 2 Immune Responses in Nutrient-Restricted Environments
  • Wenyu Tian
  • Xuesong Liu
  • Mengqi Zheng
  • Jing Shen
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Asparagine (Asn) is essential for the survival and activity of intestinal group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s).
  2. ILC2s rely on asparagine synthetase (ASNS) for de novo Asn biosynthesis, especially under extracellular Asn limitation.
  3. Genetic deletion of ASNS reduces ILC2 viability and effector cytokine production in Asn-restricted environments.
  4. Dietary Asn limitation compromises ILC2 function, with ASNS deficiency exacerbating this effect during type 2 inflammation.
  5. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection increases ILC2 dependence on ASNS for maintaining abundance and protective immunity.
...more

Frontiers In Surgery

  • September 15, 2026
Creation and assessment of a nomogram for estimating necrosis risk following fingertip replantation: a retrospective analysis from a single institution
  • Yadong Li
  • Xinwei Hou
  • Shuai Dong
  • Yan Zhang
  • Zhongliang Wang
  • Jihui Ju
  • Guangzhe Jin
  • September 15, 2026
  1. A nomogram was developed to estimate necrosis risk following fingertip replantation using clinical and early postoperative data.
  2. The study analyzed 1,344 patients with 1,497 fingertip replantations from August 2018 to August 2023.
  3. Six predictors were identified for the nomogram: surgeon experience, PLT, NEU%, D-dimer, hypertension, and vascular crisis.
  4. The model demonstrated strong discrimination with an area under the curve of 0.953 for derivation and 0.974 for validation.
  5. Calibration results indicated an intercept of -0.338 and slope of 0.759, with a Hosmer–Lemeshow test P-value of 0.729.
...more

Frontiers In Oncology

  • September 15, 2026
Lateral Ventricular Lesion as a Presentation of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome: A Case Study
  • Lu Liu
  • Yifei Chen
  • Zhaohui Zhang
  • Gaosheng Zhou
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Von Hippel-Lindau disease is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 3.
  2. The disease is characterized by the formation of vascular-rich tumors or cysts in multiple organ systems, including the central nervous system.
  3. A 54-year-old man diagnosed with VHL syndrome presented with an intracranial lateral ventricular hemangioblastoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  4. Postoperative complications included extensive intracranial hemorrhage, leading to fatal brainstem hemorrhage due to the hemangioblastoma's high vascularity.
  5. The case highlights the diagnostic challenges of VHL syndrome and the surgical risks associated with central nervous system lesions.
...more

Frontiers In Immunology

  • September 15, 2026
Case Study: Acute Cytomegalovirus Infection Leading to Severe Mixed Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in an Immunocompetent Individual
  • Junjie Hou
  • Yanhong Ding
  • Huiyao Chen
  • Min Liao
  • Chun Feng
  • Jihao Zhou
  • Guoqiang Li
  • Peng Ke
  • Feichang Du
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated hemolytic anemia (HA) is rare in immunocompetent individuals and can present as mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).
  2. A 59-year-old man developed severe CMV-associated mixed AIHA after presenting with fever, sore throat, and fatigue, confirmed by comprehensive immunohematologic testing.
  3. The patient exhibited significant laboratory findings, including a hemoglobin level of 40 g/L and evidence of acute hemolysis, alongside positive CMV IgM and negative IgG.
  4. Diagnosis of mixed AIHA requires extensive testing, including extended direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and cold agglutinin titration, beyond routine DAT.
  5. The patient's severe mixed AIHA was managed successfully with antiviral therapy and immunomodulatory treatment, stabilizing hemoglobin without further transfusions.
...more

Frontiers In Surgery

  • September 15, 2026
A Case Report of Synchronous Multiple Primary Colon Cancers: A Rare Presentation Often Overlooked
  • Xinmin Bao
  • Haoru Liu
  • Ming Wu
  • Xianwei Liu
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Multiple primary colon cancer (MPCC) is an uncommon form of colon cancer, categorized as synchronous or metachronous.
  2. A 70-year-old woman presented with sigmoid colon cancer and endoscopic obstruction, leading to a complex surgical intervention.
  3. Enhanced abdominal CT revealed bowel-wall thickening and intussusception, along with two lesions in the transverse colon.
  4. Intraoperative findings confirmed multiple synchronous adenocarcinomas in the sigmoid, transverse, and ascending colon.
  5. Postoperative pathology confirmed the presence of moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas with varying degrees of invasion.
...more

Frontiers In Reproductive Health

  • September 15, 2026
Obstacles in Partner Notification Strategies for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Africa: A Scoping Review Framework
  • Noluthando Mpobole
  • Raikane James Seretlo
  • Keatlegile Moses Eskia Mabena
  • Hanlie Smuts
  • Mathildah Mpata Mokgatle
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Partner notification (PN) aims to identify and treat sexual contacts of diagnosed individuals to reduce STI transmission in Africa.
  2. Despite existing PN strategies, STI treatment and notification rates remain low due to various barriers faced by patients and healthcare providers.
  3. Barriers to effective PN include stigma, fear of violence, inadequate resources, and communication challenges among patients.
  4. Healthcare providers encounter difficulties such as staff shortages, excessive workloads, and lack of standardized PN systems.
  5. This scoping review will map the challenges of STI PN approaches across Africa, identifying gaps in knowledge and informing future research.
...more

Frontiers In Oncology

  • September 15, 2026
Gastric Cancer in the TNT Era: Have We Resolved the Timing Dilemma or Just Altered Treatment Approaches?
  • Serdar Gumus
  • Ibrahim Cogal
  • Ishak Aydın
  • Cem Kaan Parsak
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Perioperative chemotherapy is standard care for locally advanced resectable gastric cancer, supported by landmark studies.
  2. The independent oncological value of treatment timing in gastric cancer remains uncertain due to methodological limitations in trials.
  3. Western studies focus on the benefits of neoadjuvant therapy, while East Asian studies emphasize the role of adjuvant therapy after high-quality surgery.
  4. Landmark trials primarily assessed the addition of systemic therapy rather than the timing of its administration relative to surgery.
  5. Future research should directly compare perioperative and postoperative systemic regimens to clarify the impact of treatment timing.
...more

Frontiers In Immunology

  • September 15, 2026
Editorial: Exploring Novel Treatment Strategies for Complex Cancer Cases
  • Vinay Kumar
  • Suman Asalla
  • Chaitenya Verma
  • Kavita Arora
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Cancer accounts for over 20 million cases globally each year, with Asia reporting the highest incidence and mortality rates.
  2. Conventional cancer therapies include surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, while novel strategies are emerging.
  3. Cold tumors present challenges for immunotherapy due to low immune infiltration and physical barriers in the tumor microenvironment.
  4. Cervical cancer treatment advancements include immune checkpoint inhibitors, which improve outcomes when combined with chemoradiation.
  5. Glioblastoma remains a highly aggressive cancer with poor survival rates, prompting research into innovative treatment and diagnostic strategies.
...more

Frontiers In Neurology

  • September 15, 2026
Analysis of Muscle Injury Mechanisms in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Insights from Transcriptomics and Inflammatory Imbalance in the Muscle Microenvironment
  • Chunhui Shan
  • Yu Li
  • Nan Li
  • Zhe Zhao
  • Yinhong Chen
  • Qi Bing
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive myofiber damage and inflammation.
  2. PTPRC was identified as a key gene associated with DMD and extracellular matrix (ECM) activation through transcriptomic analysis.
  3. Patients with high PTPRC expression exhibited increased immune infiltration by M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells.
  4. ECM activation scores were elevated in DMD patients and correlated with fibrosis, inflammatory pathway activation, and metabolic dysfunction.
  5. Silencing PTPRC in myoblasts enhanced differentiation and reduced fibrotic characteristics, suggesting its role in DMD progression.
...more

Frontiers In Neurology

  • September 15, 2026
Creation and assessment of a machine learning framework utilizing diverse clinical data to forecast early neurological decline in individuals with ischemic stroke
  • Yue Li
  • Wei Wang
  • Yilan Wei
  • Jing Han
  • Yuan Shi
  • Quping Ouyang
  • September 15, 2026
  1. The study developed a machine learning model to predict early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  2. A total of 1,151 patients treated for acute ischemic stroke were included in the analysis from January 2021 to December 2024.
  3. Five key predictors for END were identified: ischemic stroke subtype, OCSP classification, age, atrial fibrillation history, and previous stroke history.
  4. The logistic regression model demonstrated AUCs of 0.787 and 0.751 in development and validation cohorts, respectively.
  5. An online tool was created to facilitate early risk stratification for END, supporting personalized clinical management.
...more

Frontiers In Neurology

  • September 15, 2026
Factors Influencing Adherence to Exercise Rehabilitation in Patients Aged 75 and Older Following Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
  • Yan Wang
  • Lan Lu
  • Wei Wei
  • September 15, 2026
  1. The study examined exercise rehabilitation adherence in patients aged ≥75 years with hemorrhagic stroke using a mixed-methods approach.
  2. Adherence averaged 37.97 points, with 49.60% of participants showing high adherence and 20.87% showing low adherence.
  3. Factors influencing adherence included rehabilitation self-efficacy, illness uncertainty, illness duration, and sex.
  4. Qualitative findings revealed themes of cognition and attitudes, psychological disturbances, and the role of external support.
  5. The study highlights the need for tailored interventions addressing multidimensional factors to improve exercise rehabilitation engagement.
...more

Frontiers In Oncology

  • September 15, 2026
Development and assessment of machine learning algorithms for predicting postoperative outcomes in biliary tract cancers
  • Ji Li
  • Wei Zhao
  • Qi He
  • Jiangyan Che
  • Chengyou Du
  • September 15, 2026
  1. The study developed a machine learning model to predict postoperative outcomes in patients with biliary tract malignancies using multiple risk factors.
  2. Data from 6,951 patients in the SEER database and 245 patients from a medical center were utilized for model training and validation.
  3. Independent prognostic factors for overall survival included age, sex, marital status, tumor site, differentiation, AJCC stage, and lymph node status.
  4. The random forest model demonstrated strong performance in predicting survival rates, validated by AUC values and decision curve analysis.
  5. Chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival among patients with positive lymph nodes in both training and test cohorts.
...more

Frontiers In Oncology

  • September 15, 2026
Creation of Collaborative Machine Learning Models Incorporating Innovative Serum Biomarkers for Survival Forecasting in Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
  • Hailun Xie
  • Lishuang Wei
  • Taiqi Chen
  • Shuangyi Tang
  • Jialiang Gan
  • September 15, 2026
  1. This study utilized a multi-algorithm approach to identify key prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
  2. Six central features were identified: M stage, N stage, Cystatin C, Homocysteine, γ-Glutamyl Transferase, and age.
  3. Cox regression confirmed that these features independently predicted overall survival and progression-free survival in CRC patients.
  4. Nomograms developed in this study demonstrated excellent calibration and strong discrimination for predicting survival outcomes.
  5. The study highlights the need for multidimensional prognostic assessment systems that integrate clinical, pathological, and serological variables.
...more

Frontiers In Immunology

  • September 15, 2026
Language-Dependent Differences in Mechanistic Performance of Web-Enabled Large Language Models in Myeloid-Mucosal Immune Contexts: An Expert Blinded Assessment
  • Jinxi Hu
  • Tong Mei
  • Lei Lin
  • Chengyan Xia
  • Tian Ma
  • Penghui Xiang
  • Wenzhuo Wang
  • Siqing Kong
  • Buorui Zhang
  • Sen Cao
  • Yutong Ge
  • Xiaochen Li
  • Lujie Zhang
  • Liangjing Xia
  • Hongliang Duan
  • Chengla Yi
  • September 15, 2026
  1. The study assessed language-dependent differences in mechanistic performance of five web-enabled large language models (LLMs) across four languages.
  2. Twenty senior clinician-experts scored 480 responses using the Mechanistic Fidelity Score, demonstrating moderate-to-good inter-rater agreement.
  3. Reviewer-standardized scores indicated a significant interaction between model and language, but no significant model-by-complexity interaction was found.
  4. Kimi K3 and ChatGPT 5.6 Sol achieved the highest mean Mechanistic Fidelity Scores, significantly outperforming other models.
  5. The results suggest that multilingual biomedical evaluations should directly assess mechanistic explanations in the intended language and context.
...more

Frontiers In Neurology

  • September 15, 2026
Profile of Stroke Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Resource-Limited Settings: A Multicenter Prospective Study in Angola, Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Daniela Sebastião
  • Evander Lucas
  • Pedro Lamborne
  • Antonino Francisco
  • Mauer Gonçalves
  • Mário Fresta
  • Adilson J. M. de Oliveira
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries like Angola.
  2. The study enrolled 165 patients, with a mean age of 57.1 years, and 55.7% were under 60 years old.
  3. Hypertension (84.4%) and sedentary lifestyle (81.8%) were identified as the leading risk factors for stroke.
  4. At discharge, only 18% of patients achieved functional independence, while 77% were functionally dependent.
  5. The 90-day mortality rate was 13.3%, with 4.8% occurring in-hospital and 8.5% during follow-up.
...more

Frontiers In Oncology

  • September 15, 2026
Analysis of JAK2V617F Mutation and JAK2 46/1 Germline Haplotype in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Among a Saudi Arabian Population: A Case Study Approach
  • Nouf Mutrib
  • Sana Alqarni
  • Abdul Ali Peer-Zada
  • Manar Samman
  • Sabiha Fatima
  • Sadia Arjumand
  • Hala Aldahshan
  • Khalid K. Alharbi
  • May M. AlRashed
  • September 15, 2026
  1. The study analyzed the prevalence of JAK2V617F mutations and the JAK2 46/1 haplotype in a Saudi Arabian cohort of myeloproliferative neoplasms.
  2. A total of 130 participants were enrolled, including 98 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms and 32 non-MPN controls.
  3. JAK2V617F mutations were found in 13.1% of patients, with no significant difference in frequency between sexes.
  4. The JAK2 46/1 haplotype was present in 80.7% of participants, indicating a potential inherited predisposition to myeloproliferative neoplasms.
  5. This study is the first to characterize both JAK2V617F mutations and the JAK2 46/1 haplotype in a Saudi Arabian population.
...more

Frontiers In Cardiovascular Medicine

  • September 15, 2026
Management of Iatrogenic Left Main Coronary Artery Dissection During Ablation of Premature Ventricular Contractions with Emergency Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Case Study
  • Michelle C. Carvajal
  • Shivani Shirodkar
  • Emmanuel Robinson
  • Jeff Trost
  • Sunil K. Sinha
  • Jennifer S. Lawton
  • September 15, 2026
  1. Iatrogenic left main coronary artery dissection is a rare but serious complication of PVC ablation, as demonstrated in a 60-year-old male patient.
  2. The patient experienced acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction following successful PVC ablation, necessitating emergency intervention.
  3. Emergent coronary angiography revealed LMCA dissection and significant occlusion in the proximal LAD and ramus intermedius.
  4. Intravascular ultrasound was crucial for assessing the extent of the dissection and guiding the revascularization strategy.
  5. The case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary Heart Team approach and the potential need for emergent CABG in severe cases.
...more