Commentary & Perspectives
Why One Number Isn’t Enough for Patients
Adding a comparison number may help patients interpret risk and make better decisions.
Ellen Peters, PhD, and Nadine S. Jennings, MD, emphasize the importance of contextualizing numerical risk information in medicine. Presenting figures without comparisons can lead to misunderstandings among patients, as seen in examples involving stroke and breast cancer risks. Their research highlights that providing a reference point—such as average risk—significantly alters patients' interpretation and decisions regarding their health. This approach can improve patient understanding and inform treatment choices effectively.
1. Numbers without comparisons can mislead patients. 2. Stroke risk examples highlight the need for context. 3. Comparing risk levels can influence patient decisions. 4. Isolated statistics are harder for patients to interpret. 5. Providing a reference point transforms understanding. 6. Patients often misjudge treatment effectiveness without comparisons.